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Longevity peptides target the fundamental mechanisms of aging — telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and oxidative stress. This is a rapidly evolving research area with compounds ranging from the well-studied (Epitalon) to cutting-edge mitochondria-targeted peptides (SS-31, MOTS-c).
The evidence varies considerably. Epitalon has decades of Russian research behind it, while mitochondrial-derived peptides like MOTS-c and Humanin are relatively new discoveries with mostly preclinical data. We present what the science actually shows for each compound.
Epitalon (Epithalon) is the most studied peptide for telomerase activation. Research by Dr. Vladimir Khavinson showed it can activate telomerase in human somatic cells and extend telomere length. It was developed from the pineal gland extract Epithalamin.
Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) like MOTS-c and Humanin are encoded within mitochondrial DNA and play roles in metabolic regulation, stress response, and cellular protection. They represent a relatively new class of signaling molecules with implications for aging and metabolic disease.
No peptide has been proven to reverse aging in humans. However, preclinical research on compounds like Epitalon (telomerase activation), SS-31 (mitochondrial protection), and MOTS-c (metabolic regulation) shows effects on aging-related biomarkers. Human clinical trials are needed to establish any anti-aging claims.