NAD+
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a critical molecule found in every living cell. It is essential for mitochondrial energy production, DNA repair, and cellular metabolism. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, and supplementation is being studied for anti-aging and metabolic health benefits.
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Overview of NAD+
Serves as an essential cofactor for sirtuins, PARPs, and CD38 enzymes, supporting DNA repair, mitochondrial function, and cellular energy production.
Acts as primary electron carrier in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, directly powering ATP synthesis via the electron transport chain.
Decline in NAD+ levels with age correlates with mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced cellular energy output.
Required cofactor for PARP enzymes (Poly-ADP-ribose polymerases) that detect and repair DNA damage, maintaining genomic integrity.
Activates sirtuins (SIRT1-7), NAD+-dependent deacetylases that regulate gene expression, inflammation, and stress resistance.
SIRT1 activation promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy (proposed), which may slow cellular aging.
Modulates circadian clock function through SIRT1-mediated CLOCK/BMAL1 regulation, influencing metabolic rhythms.
Supports insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism through sirtuin-dependent pathways (proposed)
Read Full NAD+ Dosage Guide
Research-backed dosing protocols, timing, and administration details
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Longevity & Cellular Health