Mitochondrial Peptides

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a critical coenzyme found in every living cell. It is essential for mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and cellular energy metabolism. Levels decline with age, and supplementation is researched for anti-aging and metabolic health.

MOTS-c is a 16 amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA gene. First mitochondrial peptide to enter clinical trials. Emerging evidence for metabolic health, exercise performance, and longevity. Levels decline with age.

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Being developed for mitochondrial diseases, heart failure, and age-related conditions.

Humanin is a 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 16S rRNA gene. Discovered for its ability to protect neurons from amyloid-beta toxicity. Research explores its roles in neuroprotection, metabolic regulation, and cellular stress resistance.