Mitochondrial Peptides
Targets mitochondrial function
Mitochondrial peptides target the energy-producing organelles inside every cell. Mitochondria generate ATP (the cell's energy currency) and play critical roles in cell signaling, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and calcium regulation. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging and is implicated in neurodegenerative disease, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and chronic fatigue. Restoring mitochondrial function is one of the most promising approaches to addressing age-related decline at its source.
SS-31 (elamipretide) targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing cardiolipin (a phospholipid essential for electron transport chain efficiency) and reducing oxidative damage. MOTS-c is encoded in mitochondrial DNA and acts as a signaling peptide that activates AMPK, improving cellular energy regulation. Humanin, also mitochondrial-derived, protects cells from stress-induced death. These peptides represent a new frontier where the mitochondria themselves are the therapeutic target.
This page collects every peptide on PeptideWiki that targets mitochondrial function. Browse individual profiles for mechanisms, dosing, and safety data.
Peptides (5)
NAD+
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a critical molecule found in every living cell. It is essential for mitochondrial energy production, DNA repair, and cellular metabolism. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, and supplementation is being studied for anti-aging and metabolic health benefits.
MOTS-c
MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide produced by mitochondria (the energy centers of cells), encoded in mitochondrial DNA. It was the first mitochondrial peptide to enter clinical trials. Research focuses on metabolic health, exercise performance, and longevity, with natural levels declining with age.
SS-31 (Elamipretide)
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a four-amino-acid peptide that targets and concentrates in the inner membrane of mitochondria (the energy centers of cells). It is being developed for mitochondrial diseases, heart failure, and age-related conditions.
Glutathione
Glutathione is a three-amino-acid peptide made naturally in every cell from glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It neutralizes damaging molecules, supports mitochondrial energy production, and helps the liver process toxins. Levels fall with age and chronic illness, making it a widely studied target for antioxidant and anti-aging research.
Humanin
Humanin is a 24-amino-acid peptide produced by mitochondria (the energy centers of cells), encoded in mitochondrial DNA. It was discovered for its ability to protect brain cells from amyloid-beta toxicity, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Research explores its roles in brain protection, metabolic regulation, and cellular stress resistance.