ACTH (Cosyntropin)
Cosyntropin is a synthetic version of the first 24 building blocks of the body's natural stress hormone ACTH. It is used as an FDA-approved diagnostic tool (Cortrosyn) to test whether the adrenal glands are working properly, and is also used to treat certain conditions like infantile spasms.
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Overview of ACTH (Cosyntropin)
Binds MC2R receptors on adrenal cortex cells to stimulate cortisol and corticosteroid synthesis, used diagnostically to assess adrenal reserve and therapeutically for specific conditions.
Binds melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) on zona fasciculata cells of the adrenal cortex, activating adenylyl cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A signaling.
Stimulates acute cortisol synthesis by promoting cholesterol transport into mitochondria via StAR protein upregulation.
Triggers production of cortisol, corticosterone, and adrenal androgens in a dose-dependent manner.
Standard diagnostic tool: 250 mcg IV/IM with cortisol measured at 30 and 60 minutes. Subnormal cortisol response indicates adrenal insufficiency.
Low-dose (1 mcg) protocol may be more sensitive for detecting partial adrenal insufficiency (proposed).
FDA-approved for diagnostic use; ACTH gel (repository corticotropin injection) is FDA-approved for infantile spasms, nephrotic syndrome, and other conditions.
Stimulates adrenal production of multiple steroids, providing a broader hormonal response than exogenous cortisol alone
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Research-backed dosing protocols, timing, and administration details
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Hormones & Endocrine (Non-GH)